Grad Students Professional Development Seminar
Library Sources
Refresher guide and examples:
- How to write a literature review
for general guidelines on how to write a literature review, including an example of one published in a social sciences journal.
- 3 examples of articles with clear LITERATURE REVIEW SECTIONS (via shared Zotero library).
Click on the title to find the URL of the article, including the lit review
- see also: REVIEW vs RESEARCH articles
Scholarly encyclopedias and other reference tools:
For new or unfamiliar fields or subject areas, scholarly encyclopedias can also provide useful topic overviews, as well as handy bibliographies listing some of the "major" sources and authors in a subject area. Try:
- BLACKWELL ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SOCIOLOGY
- International Encyclopedia of Anthropology
- Searchable collections of encyclopedias: Gale ebooks Reference Library and Oxford Reference Online
- The searchable library finding guide: Encyclopedias.
- The Subject Guide for a particular discipline may also list recommended encyclopedias and reference sources.
Scholarly bibliographies - with a twist:
These can provide brief introductions to branches or areas or research, and include extensive lists of important sources in many subject areas. Try:
- Oxford Bibliographies. See especially the Anthropology and Sociology ones
Review & Survey Journals:
Articles in these specialized journals can be especially useful, as one their main tasks is always to review, survey or circumscribe the literature related to a research topic. They include extensive bibliographies which can lead you to many other sources on your research question. Try these:
- Annual Reviews
[your searches here will by default include Annual Reviews in multiple subject areas, but you can focus on Anthropology or Sociology at many points in your search]
- Compass Journals. Compass titles that could be relevant include:
As you know, dissertations and theses include literature reviews and long bibliographies, and they often cover topics that are new or emerging.
- see our guide How to find theses for many more details on searching for theses at Concordia and at specific institutions beyond.
- To find Concordia theses only:
- Search or browse SPECTRUM
- To find dissertations worldwide, search Proquest Dissertations and Theses (and often Google or Google Scholar for more recent years)
Additional Lit Review Tools & Tips:
- Writing and help guides for YOUR thesis and literature review:
- Though part of the Library Guide for Writing in Engineering, the Thesis and Literature Review Writing - General sources can help students in any subject area.
- Though part of the Library Guide for Writing in Engineering, the Thesis and Literature Review Writing - General sources can help students in any subject area.
- In Google Scholar, Google and Google Books, as well as subject-specific Article Databases, include search strings such as "literature review " OR "review of the literature" OR "review essay" in your searches.
- In Web of Science: after entering a search choose Refine Results -- Document Type: Review.
- For informal reference lists on various emerging topics of interest to scholars and students worldwide, see the 'groups' or 'shared areas' in popular bibliographic management/scholarly networking sites.
There are several possible ways to identify databases that might be relevant to you at Concordia. You might:
- Use the appropriate SUBJECT GUIDE to discover and access the article databases recommended by the Subject Librarian for a particular discipline or subject area.
- Use the DATABASE BY SUBJECT listing on our homepage for quick alphabetical access to your favourite database, more subject access, and browsing by database type, such as Book Reviews, News & Current Events, Primary Sources, Sound, Video.
Examples of Subject-Specific Sources in Anthropology, Sociology & Other Disciplines:
- SocINDEX
- Sociological Abstracts
- Anthropology Plus
- AnthroSource (only covers AAA journals)
- Geobase (Geography & Environment)
- PsycINFO (psychology)
- HeinOnline Law Journal Library
- MedLine (medicine & health)
Examples of Multi-Disciplinary Favourites:
- Scopus
- Academic Search Complete
- Web of Science (includes social sciences)
- Google Scholar -- and its newer competitor Semantic Scholar
Remember to find more favourites in your disciplines and all others at Concordia by using the Subject Guides and/or Database by Subject listing.
*USEFUL DATABASE TIPS:
- For search strategies which can be used in most of the above databases, see this one-page CHEAT-SHEET.
- You can search many databases at once using the following methods:
- Try starting with one of our EBSCO databases such as Academic Search Complete or ProQuest databases such as Sociological Abstracts and then selecting the "Choose Databases" "Change Databases" to identify and select additional databases to search simultaneously.
- Try starting with one of our EBSCO databases such as Academic Search Complete or ProQuest databases such as Sociological Abstracts and then selecting the "Choose Databases" "Change Databases" to identify and select additional databases to search simultaneously.
- Even MORE databases are available to you beyond Concordia at Other Local Libraries, including the BAnQ, which Quebec residents can access online from home.
You can chase and trace citations and analyze citation patterns in many different ways. Popular databases include:
- Google Scholar
- New kid on the block: Semantic Scholar
Here are four ways you can approach citation searching:
1 - Cited by/Times Cited
You can use the "Cited by" link available in many databases to get a quick view of who is citing a particular work within the confines of that database or index:
In Google Scholar:
- At the Google Scholar search screen enter a topic, known title or author.
- At the search results page, click on the Cited by link under an article or book of interest.
- You can then use the checkbox: search within citing articles to further focus your search.
In Web of Science:
- At the Web of Science Basic Search screen, enter topic keywords, a known title or an author.
- At the results page, click on the Times Cited number in the right column beside the article(s) of interest.
- [You could also select Create Citation Report to get a look at Citing Articles for the whole list of search results.]
- You can further focus your search in many ways
Scopus
- At the Scopus Document Search screen, enter topic keywords, a known title or an author.
- At the results page, click on the Cited By number in the far right clolumn beside the article(s) of interest.
- [You can also click on View Citation Overview or View Cited By to get a look at citing articles for the whole list of search results.]
- You can further focus your search in many ways.
**TIP: You can also find "Times Cited/Cited by" links in many subject specific article databases, but these will not appear consistently, and are confined to what is indexed in that particular databases.
2 - Related Articles:
In Web of Science and Scopus, the related articles are ones that have **references in common in their bibliographies**. This is a feature that is UNIQUE to these two databases.
- In Web of Science,
- Enter topic keywords, a known title or an author.
- At the results page, click on the title of the article you are interested in.
- At the summary page for the article, click on view related records.
- In Scopus
- Enter a topic, title, or author
- At the results page, scroll and hover over the title that interests you, and click on Related documents.
- TIP:
- In Google Scholar and other Subject-Specific Databases the "Related Article"or "Related Record" links may also lead to additional articles that your own keyword searching did not retrieve, but these are based on shared keywords and authors, NOT on shared references in the bibliography.
- In Google Scholar and other Subject-Specific Databases the "Related Article"or "Related Record" links may also lead to additional articles that your own keyword searching did not retrieve, but these are based on shared keywords and authors, NOT on shared references in the bibliography.
3 - Cited Refererence Searching
use for 'FOUNDATIONAL' WORKS and INFLUENTIAL AUTHORS
When following the trail of foundational works you should use Cited Reference Searching to find all the variants of that work and to then obtain and analyze a full set of citing articles.
- In Web of Science Core Collection start with the Cited Reference Search
- In Scopus start by selecting References from the drop-down menu of fields on the left.
4 - GS Citation Profiles [take them with a grain of salt!]:
Google Scholar has also launched Google Scholar Profiles, which allows you to organize your own citations, but also:
- View and search others authors' citations:
- use Google Scholar to search for an author name
- authors with My Citations User Profiles will generate a User Profile link (at the moment their still aren't many).
- Examples:
*see some User Profiles for a few:
- use Google Scholar to search for an author name
Virtually all of the tools listed on this page can help you find material about the research method(s)/design you are considering.
But you should also try out our new specialized tool:
- Sage Research Methods Online
- This tool contains encyclopedias, dictionaries, books, journal articles and videos dealing with research methods in both theoretical and practical terms. It also includes Methods Map, a visualization tool that tries to map relationships between methods.
at Concordia:
- Use our Sofia Discovery tool
BEYOND Concordia:
- The Sofia Discovery tool can simultaneously search the catalogues of all Quebec university libraries, and of more than 10,000 libraries worldwide. Under the Library facet on the left, simply select: Bibliothèques universitaires du Québec or Libraries worldwide
- See also our other library catalogues page to check for material at other specialized institutions locally and worldwide, including the BANQ (Bibliothèque et Acrhives nationales du Québec)
- Google Books. Unlike simple library catalogues, this tool searches inside the pages of books.
News, archival and primary sources can be found in many different places and in many different libraries depending on the context. For instance BAnQ offers a variety of digital archives which Quebec residents can access online from home. If the info below does not seem right, use one of our our Ask a librarian services or contact me.
- Our DATABASES BY SUBJECT listing offers a Database by Type listing for news:
- News & Current Events -- explore the specialized databases listed under each of the subcategories.
- News & Current Events -- explore the specialized databases listed under each of the subcategories.
- Some of my favourite Canadian news databases include:
- ProQuest Canadian Newsstream Major Dailies -- easy access and searching of cross-canada daily newspapers
- Eureka -- excellent for Quebec sources, but also includes thousands of national and international news sources
- Factiva -- Canadian sources + international newspapers, sophisticated search options.
- CPI.Q (Canadian Periodical Index) -- interesting mix of news and magazines
- To look up a specific archival or current newspaper, you can use the Sofia Discovery tool, BrowZine or the Sofia E-journals search.
- Our Subject Guides in appropriate disciplines can also lead to useful archival and primary sources. See for instance:
- the GOVERNMENT INFORMATION page offering acccess to a great wealth of resources and search tools.
- the History Research Guide page for Canadian History Resources
- There is more to explore in our various library guides. Try for instance:
Our Graduate Students Library Guide tries to bring together all the library-related resources and services you will need for your studies at Concordia. It can help you pinpoint the best spots on the library web site for graduate students and discover the perks reserved for grad students only.
You can oganize and manage the citations you find in your searches in many different ways. Try out more than one bibliographic management tool and pick your favourite:
ZOTERO is a free and popular citation tool
(and our new alternative to RefWorks, which was phased out April 2020)
To begin:
- Register for a free account
- At the Download page select:
- Zotero 5.0 for your Windows/Mac desktop
and
- Zotero Connector for your browser
- Zotero 5.0 for your Windows/Mac desktop
You can also try other alternatives to both RefWorks and Zotero:
- See this Citation management comparison document from U ot T of RefWorks, Zotero, Mendeley and few more.
- Or refer to the detailed wikipedia Comparison of reference management software.
- APA (American Psychological Assocation) style:
- see Concordia Libraries' APA Citation & Style Guide
- MLA (Modern Languages Assocation) style:
- see Concordia Libraries' MLA Citation & Style Guides
- see Concordia Libraries' MLA Citation & Style Guides
- ASA (American Sociological Association) style:
- see Purdue OWL's ASA Style Guide
- Other styles are listed on the Concordia Libraries' Citation & Style Guides page, such as Chicago or Turabian.
see our Library Tutorial:
- When connecting to our resources from home, you will automatically be prompted for your My Library Account login: enter your Concordia Netname and password.
- Set up Google Scholar to find Concordia Library resources